Ghadamgah Cave

Ghadamgah Cave is located in East Azerbaijan Province, 12 km southeast of Azarshahr and near the village of Badamyar (Ghadamgah). This historic hand-carved cave, with an entrance about 15 meters wide, was first used as a Mithraic temple (Mehr temple) where Mithraists worshipped, and later became an Islamic mosque.

The interior consists of a 9-meter corridor, followed by a 4.5-meter vestibule with a domed ceiling and a conical opening. The height of the dome up to the skylight in the ceiling has been measured at about 12 meters, and a ventilation opening with a diameter of ~0.5 meters provides natural light. Archaeologists have estimated its age at up to about 12,000 years. The site was registered on Iran's National Heritage list in 1347 (Solar Hijri; 1968 CE) under number 779, and it is still a place where local people hold religious ceremonies during the months of Muharram and Ramadan.

To get there, take the road from Azarshahr toward the village of Ghadamgah, then walk a short dirt path to the cave entrance. The site is easily visited by passenger car. The best seasons to visit are spring and summer, when the weather is mild and the skylight inside is much brighter. When visiting, remember to practice responsible nature tourism: do not litter, avoid altering the structure or burning too many candles, and respect the environment.